A broad viewpoint on major transgressions committed online. Because they have the ability to do a great deal of harm, crimes like online fraud, cyberbullying, malicious software distribution, unauthorized access (hacking), and intellectual property infringement are usually regarded as serious. They may lead to monetary losses, invasions of privacy, psychological suffering, and jeopardize the reliability of digital systems. The seriousness of these acts comes from the potential real-world repercussions they may have on people, companies, and public confidence in online interactions.